A Second grader at the time of the earthquake / Nishiuchi Haruna
震災時小学 2 年生 / 西内 遥菜さん
I was so happy when local peoples told me it was like seeing his grandfather.
「おじいさんの姿を見るようだ」といわれて嬉しかった
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After the nuclear accident, I was bullied at a new school after evacuating from Fukushima. Students there kept saying, “You are contaminated with radiation because you came from Fukushima.”
Nishiuchi couldn’t build a fine relationship with people there and often fell down with a headache and throwing up. A few months later, she eventually went back to the old school.
After she came back, she decided to take part in the Soma Nomaoi festival. The festival has lasted 1000 years.
But it didn’t mean anything to her in past days. She was so scared and didn’t like the festival itself. Her kind grandfather’s death became the decisive factor for her in determining to join the festival.
When she was in the first year of high school, she decided to take over her grandfather’s place as a member of the festival. She participated in the festival wearing his samurai armor. “People in town told me that I was like my grandfather in the festival, which made me really happy.” Armour was worn during the Warring States period and in battle. It is said to be a good representation of a samukrai's spirituality and aesthetics, as he might not make it back alive.Nishiuchi said with smile. Soma Nomaoi festival isn’t just a festival but it plays an important role in connecting everything; people and people, people and horses and people and society. And the support from the family is also essential. Because it’s difficult to wear armor alone and take care of the horses all by myself.
“It may look like playing war or cosplay though we all are serious about the festival.” Nishiuchi’s father who is also a member of the festival said. This reminds us of the importance of the connection between people. Unfortunately, a woman over 20 years old can’t participate in the festival.
So, July in 2022 is the last year for her to join the festival.
原発事故のあとに避難した小学校で「福島から来た子は汚染されている」とイジメにあった。新しい人間関係にも馴染めず頭痛や吐き気がして倒れることが多かったため、2、3カ月で元の小学校に戻った。
その後、相馬野馬追に参加することを決める。
以前は「1000年続く祭りだと言われてもおっかないし、野馬追は嫌いだった」。しかし、避難先から戻ってしばらくして、優しくしてくれたおじいさんが亡くなると跡を継ぎたいと思うようになる。そして、高校1年生でおじいさんの形見の甲冑を着て出陣した。
「町の人にお爺さんの姿を見るようだといわれたときは本当に嬉しかった」と遥菜さんは語る。
甲冑は戦国時代の戦いのときに着る武具である。生きて戻れないかもしれないという武将の精神性や美学を表している。野馬追は単なるお祭りではなく、人と人、人と馬、人と社会を繋ぐ役割りもある。ひとりで衣装を着ることも馬の世話をすることも難しく、家族や仲間の支えが必要だからだ。
「戦争ごっことかコスプレに見えるかもしれないが、僕らは本気でやってるんです」と一緒に出場している遥菜さんの父親が力説する。
大切な伝統の底には人々の繋がりがある。それを途切らせないために毎日馬の世話をし、練習し、野馬追の人間関係から学ぶ。ただし、女性が参加者できるのは残念ながら20歳まで。その後は家族や仲間のサポートに回る。2022年7月、最後の舞台に挑む!
A former fisherman of the Sakhalin surf clam / Shiga Katsuaki
元ホッキガイ漁師 / 志賀 勝明さん
“Now I’m really grateful for my wife.”
「母ちゃんには本当に感謝しているんだよ」
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“Since the nuclear power plants were in operation, sandy beach disappeared. But the operation was stopped due to the accidents, they are back. And of course, all the sand in the sea are back, too. When I found that, I was so happy.”
The Sakhalin surf clams live in the sand in the sea. If the sand disappears, they wouldn’t live and fishermen can’t do fishing. While the nuclear power plants are in operation, a lot of seawater is pumped up from the ocean for water vapor cooling and the sands are moving at the same time. So, fishermen of the Sakhalin surf clams weren’t able to catch the surf clams as they used to do. Besides not only the sands in the sea but the sandy beach disappeared. Mr.Shiga complained about it to the electric power company. They insisted that it was not their fault but it caused due to the dam constructions. But in fact, nothing has changed about the dam after the power plant stopped the operation. The sands also are back to the beach. He said it was the happiest thing ever. He also said he wants to ask peoples which is important for future. He insisted that he wants to inherit the right things to the next generation.
“When the earthquake occurred, the announcement to evacuate was made. I ran away from the tsunami with my wife. I didn’t think of my fishing boat a bit. As a result, my boat was drifted away and crushed against the rocky wall. Fishing boats are really important to us, fishermen. One of my colleagues went out to sea when the earthquake occurred to protect his boat. He was saved in his boat but his wife was washed away due to the tsunami.”
They had to evacuate due to the nuclear accident. They were suffered from severe rumors. Many people left the community. He said family is more than anything else.
“Now I’m really grateful for my wife.”
「原発が稼働し始めてから砂浜がなくなったんだ。だが、原発が止まったら砂浜が戻ったんだよ。俺は嬉しくて、嬉しくて」
ホッキガイは砂の中で生息するため砂がなくなると漁はできなくなる。原発が動いている間は冷却水を取水するために海水を大量に吸い込む。そのとき同時に砂も吸い込まれて海底の砂がなくなったため、原発の稼働とともに貝は取れなくなった。海底の砂がなくなるとさらに地表の砂浜もなくなった。
そのことで電力会社に苦情をいうと「それはダムのせいで、原発のせいじゃない」といわれた。しかし、原発が事故で止まると砂浜が戻ってきたのは明白な事実。ダムには原発事故の前後での変化はない。
「次の世代にこの海を受け継ぐためには何が大切なのか考えてほしい」と志賀さんはいう。
「津波がくるという警報が流れたとき俺は母ちゃんを連れて逃げた。大事な舟のことは頭になかった。おかげで舟は流されてしまった。漁師仲間には舟を守ろうと沖に向かって舟を走らせたのがいた。それで舟は助かったんだけど、母ちゃんは津波で亡くなってしまった」
原発事故で避難したり、風評に悩まされたり、地域に人がいなくなったり……。そんなとき家族は本当に大事な存在だと感じたという。
「母ちゃんには本当に感謝しているんだよ」
A singer songwriter / Gorai Mika
シンガーソングライター / 牛来 美佳さん
The power to survive in any situation and the importance of a normal life.
「どんなときも生き抜く力と、当たり前の暮らしの大切さ」
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After the nuclear accident, she evacuated to the unknown place with her 5-year-daughter. People in town straggled out and she was wondering whether she could meet them again. She worried about what would happen in the future. While being in fear and anxiety, she put her thoughts at the moment on her cellphone. It was 3 days after the disaster.
Three weeks after the disaster, she got a phone call from a live music club owner who she had known for a long time. During their conversation, he suggested her to make a song with the lyrics that she had put on the phone.
When we asked her what she likes about her hometown, she said she loves the blue sky in her town.
“What do you like about your hometown?”, we asked her. “I love the blue sky there.” she answered.
When she thinks of the blue sky, it reminds her the sadness and pain of the disaster. Uneasy feelings sometimes rise up, which she can’t help. On the other hand, she remembers her ordinary life in her hometown. She put her mixture feelings into her song, “Itsuka Namie no sora wo” or “Someday, get together under the sky in Namie”.
“Through the hard experience of the disaster, I learned how to survive in any circumstances. The disaster taught me the importance of ordinary life. I will never give up my dreams whatever happens. I want to tell my feelings to people through my songs. “
Her songs are full of kindness and warmth. Her message in the song is surly transmitted to us.
原発事故の後、5歳になる娘と知らない土地へ避難する。散り散りなって行く町の人々、みんなとまた会えるのだろうか。今後どうなるんだろうか。そんな不安の中で、震災の3日後に携帯電話にその思いを書き留めた。この思いを「伝えなくて」という強い衝動が起きた。
「美佳、こんなときだからこそ音楽をやらないか」という旧知のライブハウスの店長の言葉にも触発され、初めての作曲をして、一年後にはミニアルバムを発売。シンガーソングライターとして歩み始めた。
代表曲『いつか浪江の空を』には牛来さんが好きだった故郷の青い空とともに、震災前の故郷の風景や普段の暮らしがどんなに大切だったかが込められている。
「震災を経験したことで、どんなときも生き抜く力や当たり前の暮らしの大切さを感じました。そして、自分の夢や貫き通したいことにあきらめずに向かっていってほしい」。 優しさ溢れる歌から彼女の強い思いが伝わってくる。
Buddhist monk / Tanaka Tokuun
仏教僧侶 / 田中 徳雲さん
We need to seriously consider how people live as part of the earth.
地球の一部としての人の生き方を真剣に考えないといけない
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Dokeji temple is located from 17 kilometers from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. A chief priest chose Eiheiji temple in Fukui prefecture as an evacuation site. The temple is famous for the Zen temple and was a place where Tanaka had once practiced and learned about Buddhism.
Fukui prefecture, an Eiheiji temple located, has a nuclear power plant as well. Because of this, Japanese government has allocated the budgets to the prefectures that have nuclear power plants. Thus, the area with low employment is able to create more jobs. It can be said that people can get an abundant life in exchange for the risk of the nuclear power.
Tanaka has been living in the evacuation area since then and visited his damaged temple in Fukushima. Every day he sees the opposite side of life: before the nuclear accident and after the accident
People in Fukushima were forced to evacuate due to the accident. They are victims of it. However, people there had a comfortable life using abundant electricity. Tanaka said that they are not only the victims of the nuclear power plant but are the victimizers.
“I had been working hard for the reconstruction of living for the last 10 years. But I think the next 10 years will be more important. We are being tested. We have to think of our way of lives and our own lifestyles in earnest.”, said Tanaka.
He didn’t talk about the nuclear power plant itself. He insisted that all of us need to live humbly as a part of the earth.
Tanaka concluded the interview; “A big change of life is needed. When the time has come, we have to become a part of it.”
福島第一原発から17キロにある同慶寺。その寺のご住職が原発事故の後に避難したのはご自身が修行した、日本では禅寺として有名な永平寺だった。
永平寺がある福井県にも原発がある。原発があることで、国から多くの予算がつくし、仕事の少ない地方にも多くの雇用が生まれ。リスクと引き換えに豊かさがもたらされるのだ。
避難した先に住みながら、被災した自分の寺に通う生活を続ける。原発事故が起こる前の町と、事故が起こってしまった後の人々の暮らしという対照的な姿を見せる中を毎日行き来している。
原発の事故で避難を余儀なくされた自分たち、被害者という側面があるが、一方で豊富に電力を使う快適な生活を享受している。自分たちは被害者であるだけでなく加害者であるとという側面があるのではないかと疑問を持つようになる。
「今までの10年は生活を再建するのに必死でした。しかし、これからの10年は大事な10年です。どのように生活していくかが試されているし、生き方が問われています」
単に原発事故だけのことを話しているのではなく、地球の一部としての人の生き方を真剣に考える必要があると話された。
「大きな変化が起きなくてはいけない。その時、その一部になることがとても大事なんですよ」
A rice farmer / Miura Hiroshi
米農家 / 三浦 広志さん
I think natural energy is the best thing for us at this time.
自然エネルギーがこの時に一番あっていると思うんだ
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“I put some solar panels on these damaged ground, and sell the electricity. I will restart rice farming with the money. That’s the new way of farming.”
He used to live near the rice paddy and did farming before the disaster.
Since the earthquake had occurred, the government didn’t allow the farmers in this area to live the same place nor build new houses considering the danger of being hit by the tsunami again.
Agricultural lands aren’t permitted to use for anything except for farming, which is provided by Japanese law, however, farm lands in Fukushima got special permission to other uses. So, Mr. Miura chose to put solar panels.
“Nuclear power plants are too dangerous. We create electricity by ourselves, and use it by ourselves. It’s time for natural energy. I think it’s the best for my farm lands”
「この荒れた土地に太陽光パネルを設置して、その発電のお金で農業を再開する。それが新しい農業だよ」
田んぼの横に家があり米を育てる。そんな農家だった。しかし、震災後、再びの津波がくる危険性があることを理由に、そこに住むことも、家を建てることも政府によって許可されなかった。農地を農業以外に使うことは日本の法律では許可されていない。ただし、福島県は特別に他に利用することが許可されたため、彼は太陽光発電を選んだ。
「原発はダメだよ。これからは自然エネルギーだ。地域自身でエネルギーをつくるんだ。今、この土地にはそのことが一番合っていると僕は思うんだ」
The couple who kept planting cherry trees / Aida Ikuo and Tsutae
桜を植え続けたご夫婦 / 会田 征男・ツタ枝さん
We are really happy to see the smiles on the faces of those who come to see the cherry blossoms.
桜を見にくる人の笑顔が嬉しくて
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A cherry tree They planted with their son who died in an accident. They cherished the memory of it.
After the nuclear accident, the residents continue to live a difficult evacuation life,
Later, the evacuation zone was lifted; however, few people returned to the village.
They continues to plant cherry trees to send hope to people.
Now there are approximately 3,000 of them.
They are more than happy to see the cheerful faces of those who gather to view the cherry blossoms.
事故で亡くなった息子さんと一緒に植えた桜の木。その思い出を大事にしていた。
原発事故後、自分の家に戻れない辛い避難生活が続く。その後、避難区域が解除されても、村に戻ってくる人は少ない。
人々の希望を送りたいという思いで桜の木を植えつづける。
今では、およそ3000本にもなる。
桜を見に集まってくる人の晴れやかな顔が何よりも嬉しいという。
A fire fighter, a Kagura dancer / Takada Takahiro
消防団員 神楽踊り手 / 高田 貴浩さん
At that moment, the lion's head looked like hope for us.
その時、獅子頭が自分たちの希望に見えた
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Since the following day of the earthquake, Takada had worked to find bodies of victims as a member of the fire fighter. While he was on his duty, he happened to find a lion’s face mask, which was muddy by the tsunami.
He felt as if the mask would talk and encourage him in the desperate situation and the mask seemed a ray of hope. He decided to revive the Shishimai dance that was lost over 30 years ago in the area.
Unfortunately, there was no information about it. Through tries and errors, he finally succeeded to restore the old Shishimai dance after 5 years.
The lion’s face mask may be the incarnation of gods who appeared to encourage us after the disaster.
Those who returned from evacuation centers were in the midst of loneliness and hardship. Especially for the elderly, it was a source of comfort.
There are many people who don’t come back to the town. It causes the collapse of the local community.
He thinks the festival and the existence of god play an important role to connect with each other.
津波の震災の翌日から、消防団員だった高田さんは、遺体捜索に出動する。
そうした中、公民館の中を捜索中、津波で泥だらけになった獅子頭を見つけた。
絶望的な状況の中でその獅子頭が語りかけてくるようだったという。
「獅子頭が一縷の希望に見えた」とも……。
その時、地域で30年間途絶えた獅子舞を復活させようと決めた。
その後、何も資料がない中、手探りで5年後に古い獅子舞を復活させることに成功した。
それは、震災後に現れた一種の神様の化身だったのかもしれない。 獅子舞は避難先から戻った人たち、とりわけ年配の方たち、孤独や苦難の中にいる人たちの心の拠り所となった。
戻らない人が増える中、地域社会が崩壊しがちだ。
人と人とを結びつけるには、祭礼、神様の役割はとても大きい。
Shinto Shrine priest / Mori Akifumi
神社神主 / 森 昭文さん
Prayer is a natural part of who we are.
「祈りは人間が本来持っている姿なんです」
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After the earthquake, the shrine parishioners who became victims of the disaster came to talk to him as if they were trying to let out something that was clutching at their hearts.
“I ran away from the tsunami with 7 members of my family.
I ran as hard as I could, pulling my family along with me. When the water came up to my knees, I turned back and there was nobody there”
“I ran with my mother and child. I took my mother’s hand in my left hand and my child’s hand in my right. I hold my child’s hand more tightly than my mother’s.
When the water is up to the knees, the little child's side of the hand is stronger. Unconsciously, I let go of the hand on the mother's side.
That was the last time. If I hadn't let go of her hand then, ....... I would never have seen my mother again.”
Mr.Mori couldn’t do anything but listen to their stories. All he could do was just nod. He got depressed thinking about them.
The season has changed, but his feelings were down. He didn’t have feelings under the beautiful cherry blossoms in spring and didn’t feel anything in front of the colored leaves in autumn.
He didn’t think to hold a winter festival next year. He wasn’t ready for it. But youngsters in the town came and persuaded him. He was moved by their passions, he decided to hold the festival. Nearly 100 people came from their evacuation areas and joined the festival. He was grateful for their support because he didn’t have to stop the 1200-lasting-festival.
“People feel happiness through prayers. Thanks to the prayers, we can live happily.”
“Only humans can pray. Praying is the original appearance of humans.”
Mr. Mori said the meaning of prayer and the festival.
He said such words that can only be spoken by those who have overcome suffering.
震災後、被災者となった氏子たちが胸につかえているものを吐き出したいと神社にやって来た。
「家族7人で津波から逃げた。家族の先頭で懸命に逃げたが、振り返ったらそこに家族はもういなかった」「右手に子ども、左手に母。そんな状態で津波から逃げた。小さな子どものほうの手に力が入る。無意識に母のほうの手を離していた。それが最後だった。あのとき手を離さなければ……」。 そんな被災者の言葉を聞いて何も声をかけることができなかった。頷くことしかできなかった。
春が来て秋が来た。だが、春の花にも、秋の紅葉にも、綺麗だという感情が全く動かなかった。翌年の年明けの祭りも避難者が多く、できるような状態ではなかった。やるつもりもなかった。
だが、地元の若者たちが「伝統を途切らせないためにもやりましょう」といってくれた。その熱意に押されて開催を決めると、100人近くが避難先から駆けつけてくれて、1200年続いた伝統を途絶えらせずに済んだ。
「ひとは祈りを通して幸せを感じます。祈りがあるから幸せな生活ができるんですよ。祈りは人間にしかできない。人間が本来持ってる姿なんです」。
祈りを生業として、多くの被災者の苦しみを聞き、共に乗り越えた森さんの言葉は心に深く沁みた。
A former heavy equipment operator / Aota Eiki
元大型重機作業員 / 青田 栄記さん
When our child was born, my wife said.
"She has five fingers, two eyes, two ears, and five toes."
子供が生まれた時、妻が言ったんだ。
「ちゃんと指が5本ある、目が二つ、耳が二つ、足の指が5本あるって・・」
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The nuclear accident occurred after the earthquake and tsunami. Since the day following the earthquake, and despite of being under a risky situation of exposure, Aota had worked to remove debris from the road for SDF members and the police so that they could go through. He said he had experienced a lot of sad events and seen painful things during his work. About one year after, Aota met his wife. Now he is a father of three children and looks very happy.
However, he sometimes thinks about the effects of exposure. Without a doubt, he and his wife are more or less exposed to the radiation. The government’s safety standards have fallen below the one of IAEA’s from the middle. He doesn’t know what the safety standards exactly mean. In the first place, nobody knows what the figure shows. Is it like an alarm to avoid danger situation? Will the effect of radiation appear years later? He has been worried about his children. Even the experts don’t know anything for sure.
He is happy about having children. His daughter was born 9 years ago. They had been worrying about the effect of exposure during the pregnancy at that time. Shortly after delivery, his wife said to him, “our baby has 5 fingers each, 5 toes each, has a mouth, a nose and ears too!” He said there was nothing to worry about to his wife.
“To tell the truth, I was worried about that too. And I was so grateful that the baby was born healthy and alive. I couldn’t stop crying from happiness at that time.”
地震と津波のあとに原発事故が起こった。被曝の危険性があるなかで翌日から道路の瓦礫撤去作業をずっとしていた。自衛隊や警察の人が通れるようにね。悲しい出来事をたくさん見たよ。その後、1年半ぐらい経って妻と出会って結婚した。子供も3人産まれて今はとても幸せだよ。
でも、今でも思い出すんだ。妻も私も原発事故の後だから量はわからないけど、間違いなく被曝している。安全だという基準がIAEAの基準より途中から緩くなったし、そもそもその数値が被曝してすぐ現れる危険な現象を避けるためのものなのか。あるいは、何年か後に出る現象なのか。自分たちの子供への影響はどうなのか、専門家でもなかなか断言できないっていう。
子宝に恵まれたのは嬉しかった。でも、妻が長女を出産したのは9年前で妊娠中の被曝がいちばん心配な時期だった。出産直後、病室で俺に言ったんだ。「手の指は5本ずつある、脚の指はちゃんと5本ずつある。手と口と鼻はちゃんとついてる。耳はあるって……」。大丈夫だよって言ったんだけど、健康で生まれてきたこと、生きていることが嬉しくて、ありがたくて、ありがたくて、込み上げてくるものがあったんだ。ありがとうってね。
A town hall staff / Suzuki Tomokazu
町役場職員 / 鈴木 智和さん
I miss everyone go back to their own town.
みんなが自分達の街に帰ってしまうのが寂しくて
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“I was at the town hall when the earthquake occurred. I was working at the water management department at that time, so I went to check if the water was provided properly to each household and there were no leaks after the earthquake and the tsunami. The following day of the disaster, the nuclear accident occurred and all of us had to evacuate.”
Suzuki’s wife was working at the town hall, too. She had to help people in town like her husband. It was difficult for them to take care of their 2nd grade daughter, so she was entrusted to her grandmother. Suzuki and his wife had helped to provide warm meals and clean water to evacuees.
After 6 months of the disaster, they could finally see their daughter. Suzuki had worried about his daughter during their time apart. He couldn’t help but think if she could go to school and if she was doing fine at the new place.
Before the earthquake, there were many restaurants and bars in the town for a small residence and he enjoyed going bar-hopping. After the disaster, everything has changed. All the restaurants and bars were gone.
Suzuki said, “Many government staff members came to our town from around Japan to help us. I’m happy about that. I don’t feel lonely because I can see many people now. But once their job is done, they will go back to their places. I know it can’t help but I feel sad.”
The life in rural area, people’s connection is stronger than that of big cities’. People work together, join the festivals, drink together and laugh together…they make the bond by relying on each other. The relationship like that is very important in a small town. Suzuki said, “I want to restore the people’s connection again, so I will never leave this town.”
「震災の時は町役場にいましたが、水道の担当だったのでちゃんと地震や津波の後、水が各家庭に流れるか、水漏れはないか、すぐに確認に動きました。ただ、翌日、原発の事故が起こり、全町避難になりました」
奥さんも役場で働いたいていたこともあり、小学校2年の娘を母に預けて、避難先で炊き出しをやったり、飲み水を確保したりする作業に追われる。
結局、娘さんに会えたのは震災後6ヶ月も経ってからだった。その間、避難先でちゃんと学校に行けているか、ちゃんと新しいところに馴染んでいるか、毎日心配でしょうがなかったという。
震災の前は、人口が少ない割に飲食店が多く、飲みに歩いても楽しかった町だったそうだ。しかし、震災後すっかり町が様変わりお店も無くなってしまった。
「今は全国の役場から復興を手伝いに来てくれていて嬉しいんだけど、任期が終わるとみんな帰ってしまう。それが、なんだか寂しい」という。
田舎の暮らしは人と人との繋がりが強い。一緒に作業したり、祭りをしたり、笑いながら一緒にお酒を飲んだり、普段の生活の中で、頼ったり、頼られたりする関係がとても大切。それを復活させるためにもこの町に住み続けたいという。
An Elementary school teacher / Sato Shinichi
小学校教師 / 佐藤 信一さん
We were lucky to be able to evacuate school children. But not by accident.
子供たちを避難させることが出来たのは運が良かったからだ。ただ、偶然ではない。
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He was teaching at Ukedo elementary school at the time of the earthquake. He took 82 students to the nearby hill, Ohirayama. All their lives were saved from the tsunami.
Sato said they were just lucky. But while I listened to his story, I thought it wasn’t just a coincidence. As teachers and parents have maintained good
communication with each other on a daily basis, everyone could talk about anything.
On the way to the hill, the roads were congested. So, he divided students into some groups and crossed there efficiently. Some parents came to pick their children up but teachers didn’t hand over children to them, because they didn’t have enough time for it. They promised to meet at the evacuation center. The parents were amenable to the decision. The evacuation route wasn’t the one that they had planned but, everyone’s life was saved. Being flexible led to success.
They reached the hill as the road and the landscape were destroyed by the tsunami. They were there just a few minutes ago. Sato said that the interaction between people brings good luck eventually.
When I asked what the saddest thing was, he said that one of his graduate students’ body was found in the rubble in front of the school three years later of the disaster.
When I asked him what made him happy.
“This town has changed, but I’m happy my old students who have grown up are back to town to live.” Sato smiled.
At the end of the interview, I asked why he became a teacher.
He said “I met a really good teacher when I was a child.”
震災の時は請戸小学校の教師だった。当時学校にいた82名の児童全員を2キロ先の大平山へ避難させ、津波の難を逃れることができた。
どうして無事の避難ができたのかと聞くと、「運が強かったとしかいえない」という。
ただし、話を伺っていると偶然ではないように思った。
日頃から人と人との交流が盛んで、教師同士や保護者と本当に遠慮なく物事が言い合える環境だった。
避難の途中に渋滞した道路をいくつかのグループに分けて効率的に渡らせた。途中で児童を引き取りにきた保護者には時間を取られるからと避難場所で会うことを決めてその場では児童を渡さなかった。それに父兄たちも従ってくれた。駆け上がった山へは本来のルートではないところから登ったが、その場で考えて決めていったことが結果的にすべてうまく回った。
山に登った時、歩いてきた眼下の景色はすっかり海になっていた。ほんの数分後のことだった。
結局、人と人との交流が 「運」 を呼び寄せたのかもしれない。
悲しかったことはと聞くと、「教え子だった卒業生が学校の前の瓦礫の中で、震災から3年後に見つかったことです」と……。
嬉しかったことはと尋ねると、「すっかり変わってしまったこの町に、当時の教え子が成人して戻ってくることを選んでくれたことかな」と答えた。
自身はなぜ教師になったのですかと聞くと「中学校の時、いい先生に出会ったからです」と語った。
A former agricultural cooperative staff, a stricken area guide(now) /
Watanabe Katsuyoshi
元農協職員 被災地ガイド / 渡辺 勝義さん
I want to be able to hold village festivals again.
村祭りがまたできるようになりたいんだ
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“70 percent of the residents of our village were farmers. We had a festival to pray for a good harvest. I hope the time that we get together and the bond between people will be back soon.”
There were 6,500 people in Iidate mura village. After the Great East Japan Earthquake, they were all forced to evacuate due to the nuclear accident. Only 24 percent of the residents are back to the village. The rest of them don’t come back and built new houses in another place and started new lives even their houses were remaining in this village.
They don’t transfer their resident’s cards. And many of them are farmers. A social connection is necessary to maintain a village society. Public facilities such as a gymnasium and an arena were built with government subsidies. Even though things are renewed, they can’t inherit the connection with people, the customs and the habits easily.
“I want people to be back to the village and have a festival together again. It’s my dream. I think we all hope so.”
「うちの村は7割は農家だったんだよ。豊作を祈ってみんなで祭りをする。そうした人と人との、つながりが戻ってほしいんだ」
飯舘村は全部で6500人。震災のあと、原発事故により全村民が避難になり、その後戻ってきたのは24%ぐらい。家は残っているけど、他の地域に家を建ててそこで生活している。住民票だけこの村に残っているという人がたくさんいる。この村の多くは農家。人と人とのつながりがなくなると村社会は維持できない。震災後、補助金でやたら綺麗な体育館やら、競技場やら出来た。人と人とのつながり、習慣、風習などは簡単には受け継がれない。
「この神社で祭りをまたしっかりできるようになることが夢だね。被害を受けた人もみんな、きっと願っていると思うんだ」
A former mobile phone store manager, a housewife (now) /
Aota Miyuki
震災時、携帯電話ショップ 店長 現在、主婦 青田 美由紀さん
I wonder if I can now talk to my children about the ocean, which is both beautiful and sad.
美しく、悲しくもあるという海のことを、子供に話せるようになったかと思う
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“I know they are safe but I hesitate to buy fish caught in local waters when I shop at the grocery store.”
Her child eats local fish such as flatfish and Atka mackerel at school lunch. But she avoids buying local fish for daily meal. She says that she knows local fish are safe enough and they have passed rigorous tests.
Aota goes on to say, “It still reminds me of the evacuation caused by the tsunami and the nuclear accident.”
Her 9-year-old daughter is in 3rd grade. She thinks it’s almost time to tell her daughter about the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, before the disasters will become a distant memory. Sometimes she takes her daughter to the beach to show Fukushima’s beautiful sea. But she doesn’t let her to swim in the sea. When she stands in front of the sea, she remembers people who lost their lives by the tsunami. She says she just can’t feel like letting her daughter swim in the sea. She is wavering between supporting the local community and protecting her family and herself.
“The sea in Fukushima is beautiful but sorrow. I think my daughter will understand little by little what that means.”
「安全だとわかっていても、スーパーにに行くと地元の魚を買うのをついつい躊躇してしまう自分がいます」
子供は小学校の給食で地元の魚、カレイやホッケなどを食べているけど、実際に自分で買い物していると、地元の魚をついつい避けてしまう。安全だというのは十分わかっているし、厳密な検査をしていることは知っているのに……。
大変だった津波や原発事故後の避難の記憶もついつい蘇る。
長女はいま小学校3年生、9歳になる。そろそろちゃんと震災のことを話さないといけないと思うようになった。
遠い過去の記憶になってしまう前に……。
美しい福島の海を見せたくて、ビーチに遊びに連れて行く。でも、津波に流された人のことを考えると、海水浴はまださせていない。地元を応援したいという気持ちと、それを躊躇してしまう気持ち。
「美しさと悲しみもあるという地元の海の意味を今なら、子供には、少しずつわかってもらえるような気がする」
A meritorious person of Soma-Nomaoi wild horse festival / Kanno Chohachi
相馬野馬追(重要無形民俗文化財) / 功労者 菅野 長八さん
I would like to have a family, even if it is just one person.
ひとりでもいいから、家族がいてほしい。
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Almost 4 hours had passed since we started the interview, Kanno finally showed his smile to us. It was when he stood in front of his horse.
“See you later.”, it was the last word that he told to his family. While he was out for work, the tsunami struck his house and engulfed everything; his family, his two horses, armors and harnesses for the festival... . He still lives alone in temporary house and can’t find his purpose of life.
One person who said he last saw his son was wandering around in front of the stables as the tsunami was coming, perhaps lost in the process of evacuating his horses.
“You have to evacuate immediately! Tsunami is coming soon!”
A woman in the neighbor urged his daughter to run, but she seemed confused what to bring with her. There were many high-priced armors for the festival. When Kanno heard the story, he deeply regretted his involvement with the festival.
“If I weren’t involved with Nomaoi festival, I wouldn’t lose my family.”
The festival was held in the year of the disaster. He didn’t feel like participating in the festival. But if he was watching it as a visitor, his family would say why he doesn’t join the festival. He rose to the occasion with determination to get in the festival again. He believes that his family would watch over him and would be proud of him getting overcome the sadness.
At the end of the interview, when I asked him what happiness means to a person, he told me without hesitation, "It's having a family, even if it's just one person.
菅野さんが笑顔を見せたのは取材を始めてから4時間後、愛馬の横に立ったときだった。
「行ってくるから」そういって出勤したのが最後だった。津波で、母、妻、息子、娘と、相馬野馬追で乗る馬2頭と武具馬具のすべてを同時に失う。そうして、避難した仮設住宅で一人茫然としていたという。
「最後に息子を見たという人が『息子さんは津波が来るのに厩舎の前でウロウロしていた』というんです。馬を避難させるか迷っていたのかもしれない」。
「『早く逃げないと』と最後に娘に話しかけた前の家の奥さんは『娘さんは何を持っていいのかわからないと迷っていた』と……」。家には高価な甲冑や武具がたくさんあった。
娘と息子の最後の様子を聞いた菅野さんは「俺が相馬野馬追をやっていなければ」と悔やんだ。
震災の年も野馬追祭りの開催が決まった。だが、彼はとても参加する気力が起きなかった。しかし、しばらくして考えを改めた。
「見学者として見ていたら家族は『何やってんの、あんた』というに決まっている」。意を決して野馬追に出陣することを決めた。悲しみをこらえて、勇気ある姿を家族に見てほしかったからだ。
ひとにとっての幸せってなんですかと聞くと、「ひとりでもいいから家族がいることだ」と迷うことなく答えた。辛く切ない後悔の思いはいまだに消えてはいないのだろう。
Obori Soma-Yaki pottery, a ceramic artist / Onoda Toshiharu
大堀相馬焼窯元 陶芸家 / 小野田 利治さん
I want to build a pottery studio in my hometown, even if it is small.
小さくてもいい、故郷に陶芸の工房を作りたい
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As soon as Onoda reached the evacuation area, he rent a land and started the pottery again. As a 13th pottery artist of the traditional Obori Soma-Yaki pottery, “Shunzan-gama, ceramics stove”, he couldn’t let the tradition die out.
Before the earthquake, he made a strong effort to teach pottery. He had taught pottery to 1,500 students annually. He loved and cherished the relationship with his students but many of them were gone due to the disaster. 10 years has passed since then, and about 1,000 students are back.
“I’m trying to produce matte blue color on my pottery. The land is changed and it’s difficult to do the same as I did at the old place. When I can make the color on my pottery as I imagine, I’m so happy.” Onoda said.
He also said, “If I could go back to Namie town, my hometown, again, I want to build a pottery studio. It’s OK even if it’s small. I want to stay there, do the pottery. And sometimes I enjoy a long talk with people on the street. This is my dream for now.”
避難先で土地を借りてすぐに陶芸は始めた。伝統ある大堀相馬焼「春山窯」13代目の陶芸家として伝統を絶やすわけにはいかないという思いがあった。
震災前は陶芸教室にも力を入れていて、年間1500人ほどに教えていた。人と人との交流を大事にしていた。10年経ってやっと1000人ほどに戻ってきた。
「今、青マットの色が出ないか取り組んでいるんです。土地が変わると同じようにはいかないので難しいです。ただ、思い通りの色が出た時は本当に嬉しくて……」
今の希望はと聞くと「ふるさと浪江に小さな家でもいいので工房をつくりたいんですよ。知ってる人もいるので、道端で長話したりするのが夢でしょうか」と語った。
Onion farmer / Abe Zinichi, Matsumoto yoshiro
玉ねぎ農家 / 阿部仁一さん、松本喜郎さん
Growing Delicious Onions is our Hope.
おいしい玉ねぎ作るのは、僕たちの希望なんだ
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I thought I would be able to return home in a few days after the nuclear accident, but the evacuation was not lifted. I was very anxious because I did not know when I would be able to return home," said Abe.
In the end, he could not return home for five years until the decontamination work was completed and radiation levels fell. When I returned to my home, they found that the villages were no longer inhabited, and the wild boars had destroyed their fields and houses to the point of being uninhabitable.
He began test cultivation of several crops to see if farming could somehow be resumed. As a result, they found that onions were least affected by cesium and that wild boars did not destroy the onion fields.
He then began growing the newly developed Namie Town brand onions, "Hama-no-Kiki". They are betting on the future of this sweet, thick-fleshed, crunchy onion.
What made me happy was when my child said, "These onions are delicious," Matsumoto said with a smile.
While yield is important, they also want to produce tasty onions. That is his current goal.
Their smiles were so bright that it gave them hope for tomorrow.
「原発事故で全村避難になった。2、3日で帰れると思ったのになかなか避難が解除されない。いつ帰れるのかわからな い日々がとても不安だった」と阿部さんはいう。
結局、除染作業が終了し放射線量が落ちるまで5年間帰ることができなかった。
自宅に戻ると、人が住まなくなっていた集落は猪に畑や住宅を荒され放題になっていた。
なんとか農業が再開できないかといくつかの作物の試験栽培を始める。その結果、玉ねぎがセシウムの影響が最も少なく、猪は玉ねぎ畑を荒らさないことがわかった。
その後、新しく開発した浪江町ブランド玉ねぎ「浜の輝」の栽培を開始する。甘みがあって肉厚でシャキシャキ感のあるこの玉ねぎに将来を賭けていく。
嬉しかったことは「子どもが、この玉ねぎ美味しいねといってくれたこと」だと松本さんは笑顔で答えた。
収穫量も大切だが、とにかく美味しい玉ねぎをつくりたい。それがいまの目標だという。
明日への希望につながる二人の笑顔はとても晴れ晴れとしていた。